Vazhinji vevagari vemunyika yangu vanogara mumataundi madiki nemaruwa, uye kusvibiswa kwemaruwa ekumaruwa kune nharaunda yemvura yakakwezva kutarisa. Kunze kweiyo yakaderera seyakawedzera kurapa kweiyo nzvimbo yeDunhu reWestern, iyo Sewage kurapwa kwemugwagwa kumaruwa enyika yangu yakawedzera. Nekudaro, nyika yangu ine ndima yakakura, uye mamiriro ezvinhu enzvimbo, tsika dzehupenyu uye mamiriro ehupfumi emataundi nemisha munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana zvakasiyana. Maitiro ekuita basa rakanaka mukurapa kwakakanganisika seyakafanira kurapwa zvinoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu emunharaunda, chiitiko chenyika dzakasimukira zvakakodzera kudzidza.
yangu yenyika inonyanya kuderedzwa sewage kurapa tekinoroji
Kune kunyanya marudzi anotevera ematanho ekumaruwa ekurapa emitambo munyika yangu (ona Technology Ortalogy, Yakasarudzika Tekinoroji yeTekinoroji, Land Work Technology, uye Yakasanganiswa neTekinoroji yeBiological uye ELOOCAL EXCAGY. Dhigirii rekushandisa, uye zviite zvakabudirira zviitiko zvekuvhiya manejimendi. Kubva pamaonero emugodhi wekurapa kwekurapa, iyo yemvura kurapwa inowanzoitika pazasi 500 matani.
1. Zvakanakira uye zvakashata zvemaruwa Sewage kurapa tekinoroji
Muitiro wekurapwa kwemaruwa ekurapa, tekinoroji imwe neimwe inoratidza zvakanakira uye zvakashata:
Activated Sludge Nzira: Kuchinja-chinja Control uye otomatiki kutonga, asi iyo avhareji mutengo pane imba yakakwirira, uye vashandi vakakosha vanodiwa kuti vashande uye kugadzirisa.
Yakavakwa Tekinoroji yeTechland: Mari yekuvaka yakaderera, asi yakaderera kubvisa chiyero uye kusavapo zvisina kunaka uye manejimendi.
Kurapa kwepasi: Kuvakwa, kushanda uye kuchengetedza kwakapusa, uye mutengo wakaderera, asi zvinogona kusvibisa pasi pevhu uye kuda kushanda kwenguva refu uye zvinogadzirisa manejimendi.
Biological Turntable + mudyara mubhedha: Yakakodzera nzvimbo yekumaodzanyemba, asi yakaoma kushanda uye kuchengetedza.
Diki Sewage Kurapa Station: Pedyo nenzira yekurapa yemigwagwa yemumba. Kubatsira ndekwekuti iyo EFFlue yemhando yemvura yakanaka, uye kusagadzikana ndekwekuti hakugone kuzadzisa izvo zvinodiwa pakurarama kwekurima.
Kunyangwe dzimwe nzvimbo dzichisimudzira "isina-powered Parizvino, munzvimbo dzakawanda dzekumaruwa, nyika inogoverwa kumhuri, uye kune nyika dzakawanda dzeveruzhinji, uye nyika shandisa mwero munzvimbo dzakasimukira mune zveupfumi dzakaderera kwazvo. Yakakwira, zvishoma pasi zviwanikwa zviripo zvekurapa kwesewge. Naizvozvo, "Sangano reSewage Kurapa rine tekinoroji yakanaka yekushandisa munzvimbo dzisingaravirire, hupfumi hwakagadzirwa uye hwakagadzirwa nemvura yemvura. Sewage kurapwa tekinoroji inochengetedza simba uye inoderedza kushandiswa kwave kuita maitiro ekuvandudza ezvakakanganiswa neyakaomeswa seyakaita tekinoroji mumisha nemisha.
2. Inosanganisa maitiro ekumaruwa sewage kurapa tekinoroji
Yangu yenyika yekumaruwa Sewage kurapa tekinoroji tekinoroji kusanganisa kunyanya kune inotevera nzira nhatu:
Iyo yekutanga mode ndeye mbr kana kuonana oxidation kana yakagadziriswa sludge maitiro. Sangano rinotanga rinopinda muPepic tangi, rinobva rapinda muBiological kurapwa unit, uye pakupedzisira inodzinga mumuviri wemvura akapoteredzwa kuti ishandiswe. Kutendeka kwekumaruwa kwekushandiswa kwakajairika.
Iyo yechipiri modhi ndeye anaerobic + yekunyepedzera inyland kana anaerobic + pendi kana nyika yechiAgobic inoshandiswa mushure mematangi, zvinodzingwa mumatare kana kupinda mumamiriro ekurima.
Iyo yechitatu nzira yakamiswa sludge + inonyungudika, yakanyorwa, uye yekubatira audation, iyo yekubatira octication,
Mune zvinoshanda zvinoshanda, yekutanga modhi account yeiyo yakakura chikamu, inosvika 61%).
Pakati pemhando yepamusoro matatu emhando yepamusoro, MBB ine maitiro ari nani uye akakodzera kune dzimwe nzvimbo nemhando yepamusoro yemvura zvinodiwa, asi mutengo wekushanda wakakwirira. Mari yekushandisa uye yekuvaka yemutengo yakavakwa yakanyoroveswa uye tekinoroji yakaderera kwazvo, asi kana ikaratidzwa nekunzwisisa, inodiwa kuti uwedzere kugadzirira maitiro kuti uwane imwe mvura yakanaka kwazvo.
Decentralized Sewage Kurapa Tekinoroji inoshandiswa kunze kwenyika
1. United States
Nezve manejimendi system uye technical zvinodiwa, iyo yakakanganisika seyaka kurapwa muUnited States inoshanda pasi peyakaguta yakazara. Parizvino, iyo yakacheneswa Secent Seage kurapa system muUnited States inonyanya kuve neinotevera technologies:
septic tangi. Matangi epict uye kurapwa kwepasi kunowanzo shandiswa technologies kunze kwenyika. Sekureva kweGerman ongororo yeGerman data, anenge 32% yegungwa yakakodzera kurapwa kwepasi, yeiyo 10-20% haina kukodzera. Chikonzero chekutadza chingave chekuti system inosvibisa mvura yemvura, yakadai se: nguva yakawandisa; zvakawandisa hydraulic mutoro; dhizaini uye zvinetso zvekuisa; Thises Management Matambudziko, Etc.
jecha faira. Sand Filtration ndeyekuwanzoshandiswa kwazvo Sewage kurapa tekinoroji muUnited States, iyo inogona kuzadzisa kubvisa kwakanaka.
Aerobic kurapwa. Kurapa kweAerobic kunoiswa munzvimbo zhinji muUnited States, uye chiyero chekurapa chinowanzoitika 1.5 Mumakore achangopfuura, United States yakabatanidzawo kukosha kukuru pakubata kwakanaka kweNitrogen uye phosphorus kushandiswa. Yakawanda yeNitrogen muUnited States inowanikwa mumarara. Izvo zvakakosha kuderedza zvinotevera maitiro ekugadzirisa kuburikidza nekutanga kupatsanurwa.
Uye zvakare, kune kusagadzikana, zvinowanikwa zvinowanikwa, sosi kupatsanurwa, uye n uye p kubvisa uye kupora.
2. Japan
Sangano reJapan rakacheneswa neJapan rekurapa rekurapa rinozivikanwa chaizvo neyeproc yeSpic yekurapa kurapwa. Izvo zvinyorwa zvegwenga romumba muJapan zvakarasika kubva kune avo vari munyika yangu. Iyo inonyanya kuunganidzwa zvichienderana nekugadziriswa kwekuwachira marara uye kicheni marara.
Septic tangi muJapan yakaiswa munzvimbo dzisina kukodzera kune pombi network network uye uko huwandu hwevanhu hwakanyanya kuderera. Sepic matangi akagadzirirwa vanhu vakasiyana uye paramita. Kunyangwe matangi epasi aripo ari kutsiviwa kubva kuchizvarwa kusvika kune chimwe chizvarwa, ivo vachiri kutongwa nekunyura. Mushure meAO Reaform, anaerobic, deoxidizing, aerobic, kushungurudzika, kusafadza uye mamwe maitiro, zvinofanirwa kutaurwa kuti iyo septic tangi iri mune yakajairika kushanda. Iyo yakabudirira kushandiswa kweMasiti tangi muJapan haisi nyaya yehunyanzvi, asi iyo yakazara manejimendi system pasi peiyo yakazara yemutemo mutemo, kugadzira nyaya yakabudirira. Parizvino, pane zviitiko zvinoshanda zveMatangi epostic munyika yedu, uye zvinofanirwa kutaurwa kuti zvirimo misika muSoutheast Asia. Nyika dzakaita seSoutheast Asia, Indonesia, uye Philippines dzinokanganiswawo neyekuchengeterwa kweJapan kurapa mutemo. Malaysia uye Indonesia yakazvimiririra yavo yehunyanzvi hunyanzvi uye nhungamiro dzematangi eSeptic, asi mukuita izvi zvirevo uye nhungamiro dzinogona kunge dzisingakwanise kuve dzakakodzera kune yavo yehupfumi hwehupfumi hwekuvandudza hupfumi hwekuvandudza hwehupfumi hwehupfumi.
3. European Union
Muchokwadi, kune dzimwe nyika dzeupfumi uye tekinoroji dzakasimukira mukati meEU, pamwe nedzimwe nhau dzehupfumi uye tekiniki dzinoshanda. Panyaya yekuvandudza kwehupfumi, ivo vakafanana nemamiriro epasi eChina. Mushure mekuwana hupfumi hupfumi, iyo iri kushandawo yakaoma kuvandudza kurapwa kwesewge, uye muna 2005 yakapfuura iyo eu standard en12566-3 yechidiki-chiyero chakakanganisika kurapwa. Chiyero ichi chinofanira kutaurwa kuve nzira yekuchinja matanho emamiriro emuno, mamiriro emamiriro ezvinhu, etc., kusarudza matekinoroji akasiyana ezviratidziro, kunyanya kusanganisira matangi epict uye kurapwa kwepasi. Pakati pezvimwe zvakateerana zviyero, zvivakwa zvakazara, zvidyarwa zvidiki zvekurapa zvirimwa uye hurongwa hwekunyepedzera zvinosanganisirwawo.
4. India
Mushure mekusuma kwenguva pfupi nyaya dzenyika dzinoverengeka dzakasimukira, regai ndise mamiriro ezvinhu epanyika dzichiri kusimukira muSoutheast Asia yenzvimbo dzehupfumi dzenyika dzehupfumi. Synic Synage in India inonyanya kuuya kubva mukicheni marara. Panyaya yeSewage Kurapa, Septic Tanks tekinoroji parizvino iripo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muSoutheast Asia. Asi dambudziko racho rakafanana neyenyika yedu, ndiko kuti, marudzi ese ekusvibiswa kwemvura ari pachena kwazvo. Nekutsigirwa kwehurumende yeIndia, zviito uye zvirongwa kuti zviwedzere zvinokwanisika matangi eSeptic ari kufambiswa, nezvedzidzo yeSeptic Tank kurapwa uye kuonana Oxidation tekinoroji munzvimbo.
5. Indonesia
Indonesia iri munzvimbo inopisa. Kunyangwe kukura kwekupararira kwehupfumi kuri kudzokera shure, kushambadzira kwemimba yevagari venzvimbo kunonyanya kuderedzwa kuita nzizi. Naizvozvo, mamiriro ekunze ehutano kuMalaysia, Thailand, Vietnam nedzimwe nyika havave netariro. Iko kushandiswa kweSeptic Tanks muIndonesia account ye50%, uye ivo vakaumba zvakare marongero akakodzera kusimudzira maitiro ekushandiswa uye zviyero zveSeptangi muIndonesia.
Yakatangira Yekunze Kuzivikanwa
Kuti ubudise muchidimbu, nyika dzakasimukira dzakawanda ruzivo rwunogona kudzidza kubva ku: Iyo nzira yekuregerera munyika dzakasimukira dzakakwana uye dzakaomarara, uye pane dzidzo yekudzidziswa uye nedzidzo yehurumende. , nepo nheyo dzekurapa kweseygege munyika dzakasimukira dzakajeka kwazvo.
Chaizvoizvo zvinosanganisira: (1) Taura zvakajeka mutoro wekurapwa kwekurapa, uye panguva imwe chete, iyo nyika inotsigira kurapwa kwakakanganisika kwegungwa kuburikidza nemari uye mitemo; kuumba zvinoenderana nemitemo yekugadzirisa uye kutungamira yakakwenenzverwa seyakafanira kurapwa; . . (4) Specialization (5) Ruzhinji uye Dzidzo uye Citizen Creatment Projects, nezvimwe.
Mukuita kwekushandisa zvinoshanda, chiitiko chakabudirira uye zvidzidzo zvekutadza zvinopfupikiswa kuti uzive kukura kwekusimudzira kwenyika yangu yekumanikidza kurapa kwesangano rekurapa.
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Kutumira Nguva: Kubvumbi-13-2023