Kurapa tsvina yetsvina ye microbial ndeyekuisa huwandu hwakawanda hwehutachiona hunoshanda mutsvina yetsvina, izvo zvinokurudzira kuumbwa nekukurumidza kwe ecosystem yakaenzana mumvura pachayo, umo mune kwete zvinoparadza, vagadziri, uye vatengi chete. Zvinosvibisa zvinogona kurapwa uye kushandiswa zvinobudirira, uye nokudaro cheni dzakawanda dzezvekudya dzinogona kuumbwa, zvichigadzira ecosystem yezvekudya inoyambuka criss. Sisitimu yakanaka uye yakagadzikana ye ecosystem inogona kugadzwa kana huwandu hwakakodzera uye huwandu hwesimba zvikachengetwa pakati pemazinga e trophic. Kana huwandu hwakati hwetsvina hukapinda mu ecosystem iyi, zvinosvibisa zvipenyu zviri mairi hazvingoparadzwi nekucheneswa nemabhakitiriya nefungi chete, asi zvigadzirwa zvekupedzisira zvekuora kwazvo, mamwe ma compounds asina organic, anoshandiswa sema carbon sources, nitrogen sources uye phosphorus sources, uye solar energy inoshandiswa sema source ekutanga esimba. , kutora chikamu mukuita kwemetabolism muforoma yechikafu, uye zvishoma nezvishoma vanofamba uye vanochinja kubva padanho repasi retrophic kuenda padanho repamusoro retrophic, uye pakupedzisira vanoshanduka kuita zvirimwa zvemumvura, hove, shrimp, mussels, mahanzi, madhadha nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvehupenyu hwepamusoro, uye kuburikidza nevanhu vanoenderera mberi. Tora uye wedzera matanho ekuchengetedza kuenzana kwakakwana kwezvakatipoteredza zvemuviri wemvura, kuwedzera runako nehunhu hwenzvimbo yemvura, uye kuzadzisa chinangwa chekudzivirira nekudzora eutrophication yemuviri wemvura.
1. Kurapa tsvina yetsvina nehutachiona husina utachionaInobvisa zvakanyanya tsvina yeorganic (BOD, COD substances) mucolloidal uye yakanyungudika mutsvina yetsvina, uye mwero wekubvisa unogona kusvika kupfuura 90%, kuitira kuti tsvina yeorganic ikwanise kusangana nechiyero chekuburitsa.
(1) BOD (kudiwa kweokisijeni yemakemikari), kureva "kudiwa kweokisijeni yemakemikari yemakemikari" kana "kudiwa kweokisijeni yemakemikari yemakemikari", chiratidzo chisina kunanga chehuwandu hwezvinhu zvipenyu mumvura. Kazhinji zvinoreva chikamu chezvinhu zvipenyu zvinokwanisa kuokisijeni zviri mu1L yetsvina kana sampu yemvura inofanira kuyedzwa. Kana tupukanana tunooresa uye tunoora, okisijeni yakanyungudutswa mumvura inodyiwa mumamirigiramu (yuniti yacho mg/L). Mamiriro ekuyera eBOD anowanzo kutaurwa pa20 °C kwemazuva mashanu nehusiku, saka chiratidzo cheBOD5 chinowanzo shandiswa.
(2) COD (chemical oxygen demand) ikemikari oxygen demand, inova chiratidzo chisina kunanga chehuwandu hwezvinhu zvipenyu zviri mumvura. (yuniti i mg/L). Makemikari oxidants anoshandiswa kazhinji ndiK2Cr2O7 kana KMnO4. Pakati pawo, K2Cr2O7 ndiyo inowanzoshandiswa, uye COD yakayerwa inomiririrwa ne "COD Cr".
2. Kurapa nehutachiona. Tsvina inogona kukamurwa kuita nzira yekurapa nemhepo uye nzira yekurapa isina mweya zvichienderana nemamiriro emhepo iri mukurapa.
1. Sisitimu yekurapa yeAerobic
Mumamiriro ezvinhu anodziya muviri, tumbuyu tunosveta zvinhu zvipenyu zviri munharaunda, tunosveta nekuora kuita zvinhu zvisina organic, tunochenesa tsvina, uye tunosanganisa zvinhu zvemasero panguva imwe chete. Mukuchenesa tsvina, tumbuyu tunowanikwa muchimiro chetsvina yakabatidzwa uye zvikamu zvikuru zvebiofilm.
Nzira iyi inzira yekurapa ne biofilm semuviri mukuru wekuchenesa. Biofilm iganda remucous rakanamirwa pamusoro pechinhu chinotakura uye rinonyanya kugadzirwa nemabhakitiriya. Basa re biofilm rakafanana nere activated sludge mu activated sludge process, uye kuumbwa kwe microbial kwakafananawo. Musimboti mukuru wekuchenesa sewage ndeye adsorption uye oxidative decomposition yezvinhu zvipenyu mu sewage ne biofilm yakanamirwa pamusoro pechinhu chinotakura. Zvichienderana nenzira dzakasiyana dzekubatana pakati pe medium nemvura, nzira ye biofilm inosanganisira biological turntable method uye tower biological filter method.
3. Sisitimu yekurapa isina aerobic
Mumamiriro ezvinhu asina chepfu, nzira yekushandisa mabhakitiriya asina chepfu (kusanganisira mabhakitiriya asina chepfu) kuti abvise tsvina yemumvura mutsvina inonziwo anaerobic digestion kana anaerobic fermentation. Nekuti chigadzirwa chekuvirisa chinogadzira methane, chinonziwo methane fermentation. Nzira iyi haingobvisi chete kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, asiwo kugadzira bio-energy, saka vanhu vanoteerera zvakanyanya. Anaerobic fermentation yetsvina isystem yakaoma zvikuru, inosanganisira mapoka akasiyana-siyana ebhakitiriya anochinjana, rimwe nerimwe richida substrates dzakasiyana nemamiriro ezvinhu, zvichigadzira ecosystem yakaoma. Methane fermentation inosanganisira matanho matatu: liquefaction stage, hydrogen production uye acetic acid production stage uye methane production stage.
Kurapa tsvina kunogona kukamurwa kuva kurapwa kwekutanga, kwechipiri uye kwechitatu zvichienderana nehuwandu hwekurapa.
Kurapa kwekutanga: Kunonyanya kubvisa tsvina yakasungirirwa mutsvina, uye nzira zhinji dzekurapa dzinogona kupedzisa zvinodiwa zvekurapa kwekutanga. Mushure mekurapa kwekutanga kwetsvina, BOD inogona kubviswa neinenge 30%, iyo isingasvike padanho rekuburitsa. Kurapa kwekutanga ndekwekugadzirisa kurapwa kwechipiri.
Maitiro ekutanga ekurapa ndeekuti: tsvina isina kucheneswa yadarika nepakati pegrid yakakora inosimudzwa nepombi yekusimudza tsvina - inopfuudzwa nepakati pegrid kana sefa - yozopinda mukamuri yegrit - tsvina yakaparadzaniswa nejecha nemvura inopinda mutangi rekutanga re sedimentation, zviri pamusoro apa ndeizvi: Kugadzira kwekutanga (kureva kugadzirisa kwemuviri). Basa rekamuri yegrit nderekubvisa zvidimbu zvisingaonekwe zvine simba guru rekukweva. Dzimba dzegrit dzinoshandiswa kazhinji ndidzo dzimba dzegrit advection, dzimba dzegrit aerated, dzimba dzegrit Dole uye dzimba dzegrit dzemhando yebell.
Kurapa kwechipiri: Kunonyanya kubvisa zvinhu zvinosvibisa zvecolloidal nezvakanyungudutswa (BOD, COD) mutsvina yetsvina, uye mwero wekubvisa unogona kusvika pamusoro pe90%, kuitira kuti zvinhu zvinosvibisa zve organic zvikwanise kusangana nechiyero chekubuda kwetsvina.
Maitiro ekurapa echipiri ndeaya: mvura inoyerera ichibuda mutangi rekutanga remvura inopinda mumidziyo yekurapa yebiological, kusanganisira nzira yekuchenesa mvura yakakamurwa uye nzira yekuchenesa mvura yakakamurwa, (reactor yenzira yekuchenesa mvura yakakamurwa inosanganisira tangi remhepo, gomba rekuchenesa mvura, nezvimwewo. Nzira yekuchenesa mvura yakakamurwa inosanganisira tangi rekuchenesa mvura, turntable yemvura yakakamurwa, nzira yekuchenesa mvura yakakamurwa uye mubhedha wekuchenesa mvura yakakamurwa), mvura inoyerera ichibuda mumidziyo yekuchenesa mvura yakakamurwa inopinda mutangi rekuchenesa mvura yakakamurwa, uye mvura inobuda mutangi rekuchenesa mvura yakakamurwa inoburitswa mushure mekucheneswa kana kupinda mugadziriro yekurapa yakakamurwa.
Kurapa kwepamusoro: kunonyanya kubata nezvinhu zvisingagadzirisike, zvinhu zvisingagadzirisike zvakaita senitrogen nephosphorus zvinogona kukonzera
Nzira dzinoshandiswa dzinosanganisira kubvisa hunyoro hwemvura mumuviri. Nzira dzinoshandiswa dzinosanganisira kubvisa hunyoro hwemvura mumuviri (biological denitrification) nephosphorus, kuvharika kwemvura (coagulation sedimentation), nzira yekuwedzera huwandu hwejecha (sand rate method), nzira yekubvisa hunyoro hwekabhoni (activated carbon adsorption method), nzira yekuchinjana kwemaion (ion exchange method) uye nzira yekuongorora electroosmosis.
Maitiro ekugadzirisa zvinhu zvechitatu ndeekuti: chikamu chetsvina mutangi rechipiri retsvina chinodzoserwa kutangi rekutanga retsvina kana muchina wekurapa zvinhu zvipenyu, uye chikamu chetsvina chinopinda mutangi rekukora retsvina, uye chobva chapinda mutangi rekugaya tsvina. Mushure mekudiridza nekuomesa michina, tsvina yacho inozoshandiswa pakupedzisira.
Ingava mutengi mutsva kana mutengi wekare, tinotenda mukugadzirwa kwakakosha kwemabhakitiriya anoparadza ammonia ekurapa mvura muChina, kuwedzera kwebhakitiriya rinorwisa hutachiona uye hukama hwakavimbika, tinogamuchira vatengi vatsva nevakwegura kuti vatibate nefoni mbozha kana kutitumira email kuti vatibvunze kuti tigadzire masangano ebhizinesi kwenguva refu uye tibudirire pamwe chete.
Kurapa Kwemakemikari Emvura YakasvibaChina Bacteria Special Design, Bacterial Water Treatment Agent, semushandi akadzidza, ane hunyanzvi uye ane simba, tanga tichitarisira zvese zvekutsvagisa, dhizaini, kugadzira, kutengesa uye kugovera. Nekutsvaga nekugadzira matekinoroji matsva, hatingoteveri chete asi tinotungamira indasitiri yemafashoni. Tinonyatsoteerera mhinduro dzevatengi uye tinopa kutaurirana nekukurumidza. Uchanzwa hunyanzvi hwedu nekuteerera kwedu.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-11-2022