Nechikonzero ichi, nyika dzepasi rose dzakaedza nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzehunyanzvi, dzichida kuwana kuchengetedza kwesimba uye kuderedza kubuda, uye kudzoreredza nharaunda yepasi.
Pasi pekumanikidzwa kubva padanho kusvika padanho, zvidyarwa zvetsvina, sevatengi vemagetsi makuru, zvakangotarisana neshanduko:
Semuenzaniso, simbisa basa rekudzikisa kusvibiswa uye kuita zvakanyanya nitrogen uye phosphorus kubvisa;
Semuyenzaniso, kunatsiridza simba kuzvidzora mwero kuita mwero kusimudzira uye shanduko kuwana yakaderera-kabhoni sewage kurapwa;
Semuenzaniso, kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kudzoreredza zviwanikwa mukuita kwekuchenesa tsvina kuti uwane kudzokorodza.
Saka pane:
Muna 2003, nyika yekutanga yeNeWater yakadzoreredza simiti yemvura yakavakwa muSingapore, uye kushandiswazve kwetsvina kwakasvika pachiyero chemvura yekunwa;
Muna 2005, Austrian Strass sewage treatment plant yakawana simba rekuzvigadzirisa kwekutanga munyika, ichivimba chete nekudzorerwa kwemakemikari emagetsi mumvura yetsvina kuti asangane nekushandiswa kwesimba rekugadzirisa tsvina;
Muna 2016, mutemo weSwiss wakaraira kudzoreredzwa kwezvinhu zvisingadzokerike phosphorus kubva mutsvina (sludge), mupfudze wemhuka uye zvimwe zvinosvibisa.
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Sesimba rinozivikanwa pasi rose rekuchengetedza mvura, Netherlands haisi kure kumashure.
Saka nhasi, mupepeti achataura newe nezve magadzirirwo emiti yetsvina muNetherlands uye anoshandurwa sei munguva yekusarerekera kabhoni.
Pfungwa yemvura yakasviba muNetherlands - chimiro che NEWs
Netherlands, iri munharaunda yeRhine, Maas neScheldt, inyika yakaderera.
Semunhu anoongorora zvakatipoteredza, pese pandinotaura nezveHolland, chinhu chekutanga chinobuda mupfungwa dzangu iDelft University of Technology.
Kunyanya, Kluvyer Biotechnology Laboratory ine mukurumbira pasi rose nekubudirira kwayo muhunyanzvi hwekuita hunyanzvi. Mazhinji emasuweji biological treatment tekinoroji atinoziva iye zvino anobva pano.
Zvakadai se denitrification phosphorus kubviswa uye phosphorous recovery (BCFS), short-range nitrification (SHARON), anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX/CANON), aerobic granular sludge (NEREDA), side stream enrichment/ mainstream enhanced nitrification (BABE), biological Plastic ( PHA) kudzokorodza, nezvimwe.
Zvakare, matekinoroji aya akagadziridzwawo naProfessor Mark van Loosdrecht, kwaakahwina "Nobel Prize" muindasitiri yemvura - Singapore's Lee Kuan Yew Water Prize.
Kare kare, Delft University yeTekinoroji yakakurudzira pfungwa yekugadziriswa kwetsvina. Muna 2008, Netherlands Applied Water Research Foundation yakaisa pfungwa iyi mu "NEWS" chimiro.
Ndokunge, chidimbu chemutsara wemutsara wekuti Nutrient (nutrient) + Energy (simba) + Mvura (mvura) mafekitori (fekitari), zvinoreva kuti iyo sewage yekuchenesa chirimwa chiri pasi peiyo inogoneka iyo fekitori yekugadzira yehutatu yezvikafu, simba uye inodzokororwa. mvura.
Zvinongoitika kuti izwi rekuti "NEWS" rinezve chirevo chitsva, chinova hupenyu hutsva uye ramangwana.
"NHAU" idzi dzakanaka sei, pasi pehurongwa hwayo, panenge pasina tsvina mupfungwa yechinyakare mutsvina:
Organic nyaya ndiyo inotakura simba, iyo inogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa kushandiswa kwesimba kwekushanda uye kuzadzisa chinangwa chekushanda kwekabhoni-neutral; kupisa kunowanikwa mumvura yetsvina pachayo kunogonawo kuchinjwa kuva yakawanda yekupisa / inotonhora simba kuburikidza nemvura inopisa kupisa pombi, iyo haigoni kungobatsira chete kune carbon-neutral operation, asiwo Inokwanisa kutengesa kupisa / kutonhora kunzanga. Izvi ndizvo zvine chekuita nemagetsi.
Zvokudya mumvura yetsvina, kunyanya phosphorus, inogona kunyatsogadziriswa panguva yekurapa, kuitira kuti inonoke kushayikwa kwezvinhu zve phosphorus kusvika pamwero mukuru. Izvi ndizvo zviri mufekitari yezvokudya zvinovaka muviri.
Mushure mekunge kudzoreredzwa kwezvinhu zvehupenyu uye kudya kwapera, chinangwa chikuru chekuchenesa tsvina yechinyakare chinopedzwa, uye zviwanikwa zvakasara imvura yakadzoserwa yatinoziva. Izvi ndizvo zvinoreva chirimwa chemvura yakadzoserwa.
Nokudaro, Netherlands yakapfupikisawo matanho ekugadzirisa tsvina mumatanho matanhatu makuru: ① pretreatment; ②basic kurapwa; ③ mushure mekurapwa; ④ kurapwa kwedhaka;
Zvinotaridzika zviri nyore, asi chokwadi kune akawanda matekinoroji ekusarudza kubva kuseri kwega kwega nhanho, uye iyo imwechete tekinoroji inogona zvakare kushandiswa mumatanho akasiyana ekuita, senge mvumo uye musanganiswa, unogona kugara uchiwana nzira yakakodzera yekubata tsvina.
Kana iwe uchida zvigadzirwa zviri pamusoro apa zvekurapa tsvina dzakasiyana siyana, ndapota taura nesu.
cr: Naiyanjun Environmental Protection Hydrosphere
Nguva yekutumira: May-25-2023