Nekuda kwechikonzero ichi, nyika pasi rose dzakaedza nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzehunyanzvi, dzichida kuchengetedza simba uye kuderedza utsi, uye kugadzirisa zvakatipoteredza pasi rose.
Pasi pekumanikidzwa kubva padanho rimwe kuenda kune rimwe, mafekitori etsvina, sevatengi vesimba guru, ari kutarisana nekushanduka:
Semuenzaniso, simbisa basa rekuderedza kusvibiswa uye tora chikamu mukubvisa nitrogen nephosphorus zvakanyanya;
Semuenzaniso, kuvandudza mwero wekuzvikwanira kwesimba kuti tiite kuvandudzwa kwakajairika uye kushandurwa kuti tiwane kugadziriswa kwetsvina isina kabhoni yakawanda;
Semuenzaniso, kutarisirwa kunofanira kupihwa pakudzoreredzwa kwezviwanikwa panguva yekuchenesa tsvina yetsvina kuti zvishandiswezve.
Saka pane:
Muna 2003, fekitari yekutanga yemvura yeNeWater pasi rose yakavakwa muSingapore, uye kushandiswazve kwetsvina kwakasvika padanho remvura yekunwa;
Muna 2005, fekitari yekuchenesa tsvina yeAustria Strass yakawana simba rayo rekuzviriritira kekutanga pasi rose, ichingovimba chete nekudzoserwa kwesimba remakemikari mutsvina kuti ikwanise kushandisa simba rekuchenesa tsvina;
Muna 2016, mutemo weSwitzerland wairaira kuti phosphorus idzoserwe kubva mutsvina (tsvina), ndove yemhuka nezvimwe zvinosvibisa.
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Senyika inozivikanwa pasi rose mukuchengetedza mvura, Netherlands haisi kure zvakanyanya.
Saka nhasi, mupepeti achataura nemi nezvekuti nzvimbo dzetsvina muNetherlands dzakavandudzwa sei uye dzakachinjwa sei munguva yekusapindira kwecarbon.
Pfungwa yemvura yakasviba muNetherlands - chimiro cheNEWS
Netherlands, iri mu delta yeRhine, Maas neScheldt, inyika yakaderera.
Semunhu anochengetedza zvakatipoteredza, pese pandinotaura nezveHolland, chinhu chekutanga chinouya mupfungwa dzangu iDelft University of Technology.
Zvikuru sei, Kluvyer Biotechnology Laboratory yayo inozivikanwa pasi rose nekuda kwekubudirira kwayo muhunyanzvi hwekugadzira mabhakitiriya. Mazhinji ematekinoroji ekurapa tsvina yetsvina atinoziva ikozvino anobva pano.
Zvakadai sekubviswa kwephosphorus ne phosphorus (BCFS), nitrification yepfupi (SHARON), anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX/CANON), aerobic granular sludge (NEREDA), side stream enrichment/mainstream enhanced nitrification (BABE), biological Plastic (PHA) recycling, nezvimwewo.
Uyezve, matekinoroji aya akagadzirwawo naPurofesa Mark van Loosdrecht, ayo akahwina "Mubairo weNobel" muindasitiri yemvura - Mubairo weMvura weLee Kuan Yew wekuSingapore.
Kare kare, Delft University of Technology yakaronga pfungwa yekurapa tsvina nenzira inochengetedza magariro. Muna 2008, Netherlands Applied Water Research Foundation yakaisa pfungwa iyi muhurongwa hwe "NEWS".
Kureva kuti, chidimbu chemutsara wekuti Nutrient (zvinovaka muviri) + Simba (simba) + Mvura (mvura) mafekitori (fekitori), zvinoreva kuti nzvimbo yekuchenesa tsvina pasi pepfungwa inochengetedza nharaunda ifekitari yekugadzira zvinhu zvitatu zvinovaka muviri, simba nemvura yakadzokororwa.
Zvinongoitika kuti izwi rekuti "NEWS" rinewo chirevo chitsva, chinova hupenyu hutsva uye ramangwana.
"NHAU" idzi dzakanaka sei, pasi pehurongwa hwadzo, hapana kana marara mupfungwa yechinyakare mumarara:
Zvinhu zvipenyu ndizvo zvinotakura simba, zvinogona kushandiswa kutsiva kushandiswa kwesimba rekushanda uye kuzadzisa chinangwa chekushanda kusina kabhoni; kupisa kuri mutsvina kunogonawo kushandurwa kuita simba rakawanda rekupisa/kutonhora kuburikidza nepombi yekupisa inobva mumvura, iyo isingangobatsiri chete mukushanda kusina kabhoni, asiwo Inokwanisa kutumira kupisa/kutonhora kune nzanga. Izvi ndizvo zviri kuitwa negwenya remagetsi.
Zvinovaka muviri zviri mutsvina, kunyanya phosphorus, zvinogona kudzoserwa zvakanaka panguva yekurapwa, kuitira kuti kunonotse kushomeka kwephosphorus zvakanyanya. Izvi ndizvo zviri mufekitori yezvinovaka muviri.
Mushure mekunge zvinhu zvipenyu nezvinovaka muviri zvadzorerwa, chinangwa chikuru chekuchenesa tsvina yechivanhu chinopedzwa, uye zvimwe zviwanikwa zvinosara imvura yakadzorerwa yatinoziva. Izvi ndizvo zvinoitwa nefekitari yemvura yakadzorerwa.
Saka, Netherlands yakapfupikisawo matanho ekugadzirisa tsvina mumatatu makuru: ①kugadzirisa tsvina isati yatanga; ②kugadzirisa tsvina; ③ mushure mekurapa; ④kugadzirisa tsvina;
Zvinoita sezviri nyore, asi kutaura chokwadi kune matekinoroji akawanda ekusarudza kubva shure kwedanho rega rega rekuita, uye tekinoroji imwechete inogona kushandiswawo mumatanho akasiyana ekuita, sekungochinja-chinja uye kusanganisa, unogona kuwana nzira yakakodzera yekuchenesa tsvina.
Kana muchida zvigadzirwa zvataurwa pamusoro apa zvekugadzirisa tsvina dzakasiyana-siyana, ndapota taurai nesu.
cr: Naiyanjun Environmental Protection Hydrosphere
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-25-2023