Ngatitangei kutsanangura kuedza kweosmotic pressure: shandisa semi-permeable membrane kuparadzanisa mhinduro mbiri dzemunyu dzezvikamu zvakasiyana. Mamorekuru emvura emushonga wakadzika-concentration munyu anozopfuura nepakati pemembrane-inopindika kupinda munyungurudzo yemunyu wakanyanya, uye mamorekuru emvura emushonga wemunyu wakanyanya-kudzika anozopfuurawo nepakati pechikamu chinopinda munyu mumushonga wemunyu wakaderera, asi nhamba idiki, saka mwero wemvura uri padivi remunyu wemunyu unokwira. Kana musiyano wehurefu hwemazinga emvura pamativi ese uchiburitsa kudzvanywa kwakakwana kudzivirira mvura kuti isayerera zvakare, iyo osmosis inomira. Panguva ino, kudzvinyirirwa kunokonzerwa nekureba mutsauko wemazinga emvura pamativi ese ndeye osmotic pressure. Kazhinji kutaura, iyo yakanyanya kuwanda kwemunyu, ndiko kuwedzera kweosmotic pressure.
Mamiriro ezvipembenene mumvura ine munyu zvinogadzirisa zvakafanana ne osmotic pressure experiment. Chimiro cheyuniti chema microorganisms maseru, uye sero wall yakaenzana nesemi-permeable membrane. Kana iyo chloride ion concentration iri pasi kana kuenzana ne2000mg/L, iyo osmotic pressure iyo sero wall inogona kumira nayo ndeye 0.5-1.0 atmospheres. Kunyangwe kana sero madziro uye cytoplasmic membrane zvine kumwe kuoma uye elasticity, iyo osmotic pressure iyo sero madziro inogona kumira haizove yakakura kupfuura 5-6 atmospheres. Zvisinei, apo chloride ion concentration muine aqueous solution iri pamusoro pe5000mg/L, iyo osmotic pressure ichawedzera kusvika pa10-30 atmospheres. Pasi peiyo yakakwira osmotic kudzvanywa, huwandu hukuru hwemamorekuru emvura muiyo microorganism ichapinda mukati meiyo extracorporeal mhinduro, zvichikonzera kupera kwesero uye plasmolysis, uye mumatambudziko akaomarara, iyo microorganism inofa. Muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, vanhu vanoshandisa munyu (sodium chloride) kutora miriwo nehove, kuchenesa uye kuchengetedza chikafu, iko kushandiswa kwemusimboti uyu.
Injiniya ruzivo ruzivo runoratidza kuti kana chloride ion concentration mumvura yakasviba yakakura kudarika 2000mg / L, basa re microorganisms richadziviswa uye COD yekubvisa chiyero ichadonha zvakanyanya; apo chloride ion concentration mumvura yetsvina yakakura kudarika 8000mg/L, ichaita kuti sludge volume iwedzere, furo guru richaonekwa pamusoro pemvura, uye ma microorganisms achafa imwe pashure peimwe.
Nekudaro, mushure mekugara kwenguva refu mudzimba, ma microorganisms anozochinja zvishoma nezvishoma kukura uye kubereka mumvura yakakwira yemunyu. Parizvino, vamwe vanhu vane zvipembenene zvemumba zvinogona kuchinjika kune chloride ion kana sulfate concentrations pamusoro pe10000mg/L. Nekudaro, iyo musimboti weosmotic pressure inotitaurira kuti munyu wemunyu wesero fluid yezvipembenene zvakajaira kukura nekuberekana mumvura ine munyu yakakwira zvakanyanya. Kamwe munyu wemunyu mumvura yetsvina wakadzikira kana wakadzikira zvakanyanya, huwandu hukuru hwemamorekuru emvura mumvura yakaraswa huchapinda mukati mezvipembenene, zvichiita kuti masero ehutachiona azvimbe, uye muzviitiko zvakanyanya, kuputika uye kufa. Nokudaro, ma microorganisms akave akachengetwa kwenguva yakareba uye anogona zvishoma nezvishoma kuenderana nekukura uye kubereka mumvura yakanyanyisa yemunyu inoda kuti munyu wemunyu uri mu biochemical influent nguva dzose uchengetedzwe pamwero wakakwirira, uye haugoni kuchinja, kana zvisina kudaro ma microorganisms achafa muhuwandu.
Nguva yekutumira: Feb-28-2025