Rega ndikusuma iyo SAP yaunonyanya kufarira munguva pfupi yapfuura!Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) rudzi rutsva rwezvinhu zvinoshanda zvepolymer.Iyo ine yakakwirira yekunyudza mvura basa inotora mvura mazana akati wandei kusvika kuzviuru zvakati wandei kurema kupfuura iyo, uye ine yakanakisa kuchengetedza mvura kuita.Kana ikangotora mvura uye inoputika mu hydrogel, zvakaoma kuparadzanisa mvura kunyange kana yakamanikidzwa.Naizvozvo, ine huwandu hwakasiyana hwekushandisa munzvimbo dzakasiyana senge zvigadzirwa zvehutsanana, kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri nekurima, uye engineering yevagari.
Super absorbent resin imhando yemacromolecules ine hydrophilic mapoka uye muchinjika-yakabatana chimiro.Yakatanga kugadzirwa naFanta nevamwe nekubatanidza starch ne polyacrylonitrile uyezve saponifying.Zvinoenderana neyakagadzirwa, kune starch yakatevedzana (yakabatanidzwa, carboxymethylated, nezvimwewo), cellulose series (carboxymethylated, grafted, etc.), synthetic polymer series (polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl doro, polyoxy Ethylene series, nezvimwewo) muzvikamu zvakawanda. .Kuenzaniswa nestarch uye cellulose, polyacrylic acid superabsorbent resin ine zvakatevedzana zvakanakira senge yakaderera mutengo wekugadzira, yakapusa maitiro, yakakwirira kugadzirwa kwehunyanzvi, simba rekunyudza mvura, uye hupenyu hurefu hwechigadzirwa.Yakave iyo yazvino yekutsvagisa hotspot mundima iyi.
Ndeipi musimboti wechigadzirwa ichi?Parizvino, polyacrylic acid inoita 80% yepasi rose inonwisa resin kugadzirwa.Iyo super absorbent resin inowanzova polymer electrolyte ine hydrophilic boka uye muchinjiko-yakabatana chimiro.Asati atora mvura, cheni dzepolymer dziri padhuze nepakati uye dzakasungwa pamwe chete, dzakachinjika-yakabatana kuti dzigadzire network chimiro, kuitira kuti iwane kusungirirwa kwese.Kana yasangana nemvura, mamorekuru emvura anopinda muresin kuburikidza necapillary chiito uye kupararira, uye mapoka eionized ari pacheni anoiswa mumvura.Nekuda kweiyo electrostatic repulsion pakati peayoni akafanana pacheni, iyo polymer cheni inotambanuka nekuzvimba.Nekuda kwezvinodiwa zvekusarerekera kwemagetsi, counter ions haikwanise kutamira kunze kweresin, uye musiyano weiyoni yekuisa pakati pemhinduro mukati nekunze kweresin inoumba reverse osmotic pressure.Pasi pechiito che reverse osmosis pressure, mvura inowedzera kupinda muresin kuita hydrogel.Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo cross-linked network structure uye hydrogen bonding ye resin pachayo inogadzirisa kuwedzera kusingagumi kwegel.Kana mvura iine munyu mudiki, iyo reverse osmotic pressure inodzikira, uye panguva imwe chete, nekuda kwekudzivirira kweiyo counter ion, iyo polymer cheni inodzikira, zvichikonzera kudzikira kukuru mukunyudza kwemvura. the resin.Kazhinji, kunyura kwemvura kweiyo super absorbent resin mu 0.9% NaCl mhinduro inongova 1/10 yeiyo yemvura yakasvibiswa.Kutora mvura uye kuchengetwa kwemvura zvinhu zviviri zvedambudziko rimwe chete.Lin Runxiong et al.vakakurukura navo mu thermodynamics.Pasi peimwe tembiricha uye kumanikidzwa, iyo super inonwisa resin inogona kutora mvura yega, uye mvura inopinda muresin, ichidzikisa yemahara enthalpy yehurongwa hwese kusvika yasvika pakuenzana.Kana mvura ikapukunyuka kubva mu resin, ichiwedzera enthalpy yakasununguka, haibatsiri kugadzikana kwegadziriro.Kuongorora kwakasiyana kwemafuta kunoratidza kuti 50% yemvura yakabatwa neiyo super absorbent resin ichiri yakavharirwa mumambure ejeli pamusoro pe150°C.Naizvozvo, kunyangwe kana dzvinyiriro ikaiswa pane yakajairika tembiricha, mvura haizopunyuka kubva kune yakanyanya kunyudza resin, iyo inotemerwa neiyo thermodynamic zvimiro zveiyo super absorbent resin.
Nguva inotevera, taurira chinangwa chaicho cheSAP.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-08-2021